The intestine and its tasks
The main task of the intestine is, of course, digestion and without it we and our four-legged friends would simply starve to death. This is because the digested stomach contents are broken down further there so that the dog can absorb nutrients and fluids from the food into the organism. But the intestine is not only used to absorb nutrients, it is also involved in the removal of metabolic products from the body. For example, “waste products” from the liver are released into the digestive tract via the bile and eliminated with the faeces.
These two tasks are well known to most people, but did you know that the intestinal mucosa also plays a decisive role in immune defence? About 2/3 of all antibody-producing cells are located in the so-called intestine-associated immune system.
However, the intestine cannot do all this on its own, but is helped by countless millions of bacteria that mainly colonise the large intestine – also called intestinal flora or intestinal microbiome. Without them, we and our dogs would not be able to break down or metabolise fibre, for example. In addition, the bacteria there produce vital vitamins and hormones for the body and “train” the immune system. In the meantime, studies and investigations have shown that the organisms in the intestines are not only digestive aids, but also influence the health of dogs to a much greater extent than previously assumed.
When the intestine gets out of balance
A healthy intestine and intact intestinal flora is therefore not only important for good digestion, but also ensures that the dog stays fit and healthy. However, the sensitive balance of intestinal bacteria is very quickly disturbed, e.g. by stress, illnesses, medication or the wrong diet. The “bad” bacteria get the upper hand and increasingly displace the vital good micro-organisms – this is then referred to as a bad colonisation. The consequences can include flatulence, abdominal pain, diarrhoea or digestive disorders.
Tips for a Harmonious Intestinal Environment
Unsurprisingly, nutrition plays a key role in gastrointestinal well-being. In addition to a balanced foundation, specific ingredients can help support the diversity of the gut flora and maintain digestive processes in their natural balance. Dietary fibers are a fundamental building block for vital digestion. These largely indigestible plant components can be divided into two groups, each fulfilling different tasks.
Soluble dietary fibers, such as inulin or pectin, are also known as prebiotics. They serve as a valuable food source for beneficial gut bacteria and actively promote an environment where the natural inhabitants of the microbiome thrive. In contrast, insoluble fibers, such as cellulose, support natural intestinal movement. They ensure an optimal transit time of food through the body, promoting easy and comfortable elimination.
For a gut-healthy diet, it is recommended to ensure an appropriate level of these valuable fibers, which are particularly abundant in carrots, apples, fennel, and potatoes, as well as in psyllium husks and Jerusalem artichoke. While these prebiotics support the growth of existing bacteria, probiotics provide direct supplementation. They contain viable microorganisms, such as the bacterial strains Enterococcus faecium or Lactobacillus acidophilus, which are considered natural inhabitants of the canine intestine.